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<article language="en">
	<journal>
		<journal_title>Nonlinear Processes  in Geophysics</journal_title>
		<journal_url>www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net</journal_url>
		<issn>1023-5809</issn>
		<eissn>1607-7946</eissn>
		<volume_number>15</volume_number>
		<issue_number>3</issue_number>
		<publication_year>2008</publication_year>
	</journal>
	<doi>10.5194/npg-15-409-2008</doi>
	<article_url>http://www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net/15/409/2008/</article_url>
	<abstract_html>http://www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net/15/409/2008/npg-15-409-2008.html</abstract_html>
	<fulltext_pdf>http://www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net/15/409/2008/npg-15-409-2008.pdf</fulltext_pdf>
	<start_page>409</start_page>
	<end_page>416</end_page>
	<publication_date>2008-05-23</publication_date>
	<article_title content_type="html">Non-stationary temporal characterization of the temperature profile of a soil exposed to frost in south-eastern Canada</article_title>
	<authors>
		<author numeration="1" affiliations="1">
			<name>F. Anctil</name>
			<email>francois.anctil@gci.ulaval.ca</email>
		</author>
		<author numeration="2" affiliations="1">
			<name>A. Pratte</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="3" affiliations="2">
			<name>L. E. Parent</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="4" affiliations="2">
			<name>M. A. Bolinder</name>
		</author>
	</authors>
	<affiliations>
		<affiliation numeration="1" content_type="html">Department of Civil Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, Canada</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="2" content_type="html">Department of Soils and Agrifood Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, Canada</affiliation>
	</affiliations>
	<abstract content_type="html">The objective of this work was to compare time and frequency fluctuations of
air and soil temperatures (2-, 5-, 10-, 20- and 50-cm below the soil
surface) using the continuous wavelet transform, with a particular emphasis
on the daily cycle. The analysis of wavelet power spectra and cross power
spectra provided detailed non-stationary accounts with respect to
frequencies (or periods) and to time of the structure of the data and also
of the relationships that exist between time series. For this particular
application to the temperature profile of a soil exposed to frost, both the
air temperature and the 2-cm depth soil temperature time series exhibited a
dominant power peak at 1-d periodicity, prominent from spring to autumn.
This feature was gradually damped as it propagated deeper into the soil and
was weak for the 20-cm depth. Influence of the incoming solar radiation was
also revealed in the wavelet power spectra analysis by a weaker intensity of
the 1-d peak. The principal divergence between air and soil temperatures,
besides damping, occurred in winter from the latent heat release associated
to the freezing of the soil water and the insulation effect of snowpack that
cease the dependence of the soil temperature to the air temperature.
Attenuation and phase-shifting of the 1-d periodicity could be quantified
through scale-averaged power spectra and time-lag estimations. Air
temperature variance was only partly transferred to the 2-cm soil
temperature time series and much less so to the 20-cm soil depth.</abstract>
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</article>

