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<article language="en">
	<journal>
		<journal_title>Nonlinear Processes  in Geophysics</journal_title>
		<journal_url>www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net</journal_url>
		<issn>1023-5809</issn>
		<eissn>1607-7946</eissn>
		<volume_number>16</volume_number>
		<issue_number>2</issue_number>
		<publication_year>2009</publication_year>
	</journal>
	<doi>10.5194/npg-16-351-2009</doi>
	<article_url>http://www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net/16/351/2009/</article_url>
	<abstract_html>http://www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net/16/351/2009/npg-16-351-2009.html</abstract_html>
	<fulltext_pdf>http://www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net/16/351/2009/npg-16-351-2009.pdf</fulltext_pdf>
	<start_page>351</start_page>
	<end_page>363</end_page>
	<publication_date>2009-04-29</publication_date>
	<article_title content_type="html">Variability in spatial patterns of long nonlinear waves from fast ferries in Tallinn Bay</article_title>
	<authors>
		<author numeration="1" affiliations="1">
			<name>T. Torsvik</name>
			<email>tomas.torsvik@bccs.uib.no</email>
		</author>
		<author numeration="2" affiliations="2,3">
			<name>I. Didenkulova</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="3" affiliations="2">
			<name>T. Soomere</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="4" affiliations="4">
			<name>K. E. Parnell</name>
		</author>
	</authors>
	<affiliations>
		<affiliation numeration="1" content_type="html">Bergen Center for Computational Science, UNIFOB, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="2" content_type="html">Center for Nonlinear Studies, Institute of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 21, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="3" content_type="html">Department of Nonlinear Geophysical Processes, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Uljanov Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="4" content_type="html">School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia</affiliation>
	</affiliations>
	<abstract content_type="html">High-speed ferries are known to generate wakes with unusually long
periods, and occasionally large amplitudes which may serve as a
qualitatively new forcing factor in coastal regions that are not
exposed to a sea swell. An intrinsic feature of such wakes is their
large spatial variation. We analyze the variability of wake conditions
for the coasts of Tallinn Bay, the Baltic Sea, a sea area with very
intense fast ferry traffic. The modelled ship wave properties for
several GPS-recorded ship tracks reasonably match the measured waves
in terms of both wave heights and periods. It is shown that the
spatial extent of the wake patterns is very sensitive to small
variations in sailing conditions. This feature leads to large
variations of ship wave loads at different coastal sections with
several locations regularly receiving high ship wave energy. The
runup of the largest ship wakes on the beach increases significantly
with an increase in wave height whereas shorter
(period &amp;lt;2–5 s) waves merge into longer waves in the shoaling
and runup process.</abstract>
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</article>

